Unit 6

Second Conditional

wish to talk about unreal situations in the present.

if / person / past simple , person / would could or should / normal action / complement

examples:

If he had more money, he would be all right.

If  I worked, I'd get a job.

He would stay, if he had a job.


Hope and Wish

 wish use to talk about things we would like to be different in the present or future.

Example:

I wish you were here.

I wish i had enough money to go on vacations.

Hope use to express hopes about the future.

examples:

I hope you can come to Pete's party on the 26.

Unit 5

Reported speech

When we report someone's words we can do it in two ways.
we can use direct speech with quotation marks or reported how other person said.

we use reported speech when we want to repeat what other people said

example:

nacy said: " I'm planning a party."

We may not say exactly what the person said:
Nancy said that she was planning a party.

 
Reporting Questions

When we report what people say, we usually change the tense of the verbs to reflect that we are reporting.

examples:

is the food ready?- My father wanted to know if the food was ready.

Did you enjoy the party?- She asked me whether I'd enjoyed the party.

Review UNIT 4

Compound nouns

Words can be combined to form compound nouns. These are very common, and new combinations are invented almost daily. They normally have two parts. The second partidentifies the object or person in question (man, friend, tank). The first part tell us what kind of objecct or person it is, or what is purpose is (police,boy).

What tipy / what who ?

police               man                  policeman

boy                   friend                boyfriend

water              tank                       watertank


One Word or two words ?

There are no clear rules about this so write the common compounds that you know well as one Word, and the others as two words.

greenhouse


Have/ get Something done

This construction is passive in meaning. It describes situations where we want someone else to do something for us ( a favor, or as a service)


1. I must get/ have my hair cut.
2 When are you going to get that window replaced?
we're having the house painted.


The expression " to have somebody do something" is used to talk about activities performed by a specific subject.

I will have Mike repair my car.
My father had Mr Johnson paint a picture of himself.

" to get somebody to do something" is very similar.
to " to have somebody do something". However, its meaning is closer to " persuade".

I must get my dad to buy me a new computer
We need to get the teacher to give us a good grade.

Review UNIT 3

THE vs NO ARTICLE

The uses before nouns of which there is only one.

example- The earth is round

Before a noun which has become definite as a result of being mentioned a second time.

example- we saw a good film last night, It  was the film you recommended.

Before names of seas, rivers, chains of mountains, groups of islands.

example- The Pacific Ocean, The thames

Before musical instruments

examples- She play the piano.

We do not use an article when we talk sbout plural nouns when we are talking generally.

examples- Dogs are very intelligent animals.
                 Companies spend lots of mone in advertising.

INDIRECT QUESTIONS

We use indiret questions when we want to make more polite questions. They have an opening phrase before the main question. Indirect questions do not follow the question Word order.

For yes/no questions, include if/ whether after the opening phrase.

examples:

• Where can I buy a good computer?- Can you tell me where I can buy a good computer?
• Are there any internet cafes around here?- Do you know if there are any internet cafes around here ?
• Where is the post office?- Could you tell me where the post office is ?

Review UNIT 2

Order of adjectives.

   determiner          opinion            size           heigh            shape           color            material

• a                  beautiful            big            long               heavy            red               silk
• an                nice                     small      short             light               pink             glass
• my               ugly                    medium                           skinny         blue              leather
• her               pretty                  sized          tall               circular          yellow         plastic

USED TO / DIDIN'T  USE TO

to talk about things that were true in the past, but aren't true in the present.

Examples:

• he used to have long hair.
• we used to go to the park on the weekend

we use didn't use to to talk about things that weren't true in the past, but are probably true in the present.

Examples:

• I didn't use to work full time.
• He didn't use to give concerts.

SO/ TOO/ EITHER/ NEITHER
 
Use to express similarity to show that we agree with the other persons opinion on something.

I love chocolate                                                         I don't like onion

• me too                                                               me neither
• So do I                                                                neither do I
• I do too                                                                I don't either

So & too for affirmative sentences.

So + aux + he

I enjoy beach picnics- So do I


he+ aux + too

I love vcations- I do too

Either & Neither for negtive sentences


he + neg aux + either

I can't swim- I can't either.

Neither + aux + he

Jim isn´t going to the beach- neither am I

Review 1 unit

UNIT 1
make/ take / do

Use make when you talk about something you créate ( you often use your hands).

Examples:

• She made a cake for me
• He makes birdhouses

Use do, we talk about an acton you do not mention by name: mental work

Examples:

• I do my homework everyday
• I often do the shopping on the weekend

1. make a journey
2. do the shopping
3. do someone a favor
4. make a decisión
5. do the washing up

Present perfect + yet/ already/just

just= a short time ago

examples:
Where's Anna?- She's just woken up
Are you hungry?- no, I've just had dinner

already= before you expected

examples:
What time is Bill coming?- He's already arrived

yet = until now ( negatives)
What's this book about?- I don't know.I haven't read it yet.

Present Perfect  Progressive
Describes an action that began in the past, continues in the present, and may continue in the future.
 
Examples:
He's been studying
Have you been taking any lesson or clases recently?- yes I've been taking ballet class.

Reported Speech

Teacher said that his name was Ernesto, he was 29 years, he knew some lenguages ( English, French, Italy and German ).

 

He had studied at UNAM, now he was working at TEC.

 

He told us that had worked at UNAM,Unitec, IPN.

 

He said that he would travel to Europe.

 

He said that he would make master.

 

He said that he had been born in Mexico.